Instructional Models
Instructional models provide the frame work for introducing new information in a meaningful way. Models are chosen based off of the objectives of your lesson such as : teaching facts/skills, expanding concepts, solving problems, creative thinking, analyzing, generalizing data, and learning cooperatively. For each of these goals, I will be providing models that support each as well as the basic steps necessary for implementation.
Teaching Skills, Facts, Knowledge
Direct Instruction:
- Review necessary information
- State objectives
- Model (I do)
- Complete as a class (we do)
- Complete individually (you do)
- Review necessary information
Introducing and/or Expanding Concepts
Concept Attainment:
- Review process
- Present examples and non-examples
- Generate hypotheses
- Define concepts
Concept Development:
- List items
- Group together
- Regroup items
- Form generalization
Learning to Solve Problems
WebQuest:
- Teacher selects problem
- Present WebQuest
- Students gather data and solve problem
Problem-Based Inquiry:
- Explore problem
- Map learning on inquiry chart
- Share solutions
- Take action
Develop Creative Thinking
Synectics:
- Describe topic
- Create analogies
- Describe analogies
- Identify conflicts
- Create new analogy
- Reexamine original topic
Analyzing Events/Text
Cause and Effect:
- Choose data/topic
- Ask for causes (support)
- Ask for effects (support)
- Ask for conclusions and generalizations
Socratic Seminar:
- Plan and cluster questions
- Introduce model
- Conduct discussion
- Review, summarize, and evaluate
Generalizing from Data
Integrative Model:
- Describe, compare, and search for patterns in a data set
- Explain identified similarities and differences
- Hypothesize different conditions
- Make broad generalizations about topic (discussion)
Learning Cooperatively
Graffiti:
- Prepare questions and groups
- Groups answer respective questions
- Groups exchange questions
- Repeated until every group answers each question
- Return to original question, summarize, make generalizations
- Share information
Jigsaw:
- Introduce jigsaw
- Groups assigned expert of topic
- Expert groups process information
- New groups assigned with one expert from each expert group
- Experts teach in learning groups
- Individuals held accountable
- Evaluate process